Article updated January 13, 2025

This article was originally published in 2018, and sadly, the issues we faced then are still prevalent today. What has changed is the onslaught of technology fueled by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Now, the bad guys have weapons that most of us couldn’t have imagined even two or three years ago. Our hope is to make readers more aware of tax-related identity theft and tax fraud scams that can steal their most treasured information during tax season.

It’s that time again for taxpayers’ annual trip to the financial dentist: tax time. Whether you do your taxes yourself or pay a service, it’s a great feeling to send off your return with a refund in the works.

Until…

You receive a letter from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) politely telling you that your tax refund has already been processed. You’ve become the newest member of the tax-related identity theft club. Millions of hardworking Americans who file taxes fall victim to this growing problem every year.

Let’s dig into what you can do and what to look for to protect your information.

What Steps Can I Take to Prevent Tax-Related Identity Theft?

Tax-related identity theft occurs when someone uses your stolen Social Security number (SSN) to file a fraudulent tax return under your name.

If you’re lucky, you’ll receive a letter from the IRS telling you it suspects a fraudulent tax return has been filed under your name. Otherwise, you’ll find out once you’ve filed. Either way, you have some annoying and potentially time-consuming work ahead to clear up the problem. By the way, remember that the ONLY way you will hear from the IRS about these issues is by letter. The IRS will never call or email you.

Here’s the good news: You will eventually get the refund due to you from the IRS and/or your state.

The most effective way to lower your risk for tax-related identity theft is to file early. If you don’t, the thieves will. For them, the earlier they file, the earlier they get your refund in their hands.

Here are seven steps to help you clear up the problem and safeguard your refund:

Step #1: Report Tax-Related Identity Theft Immediately

Start by visiting the IRS identity theft website: identitytheft.gov. You can also call the IRS Identity Protection Specialized Unit at 1-800-908-4490. You’ll need to complete an identity theft affidavit (IRS Form 14039) so the IRS can place an alert on your account.

Don’t forget to contact your state revenue or taxing agency. Tax-related identity theft can get a big head-start with your SSN. Also, report the theft to your local police department to create an official theft report, which some government agencies and credit bureaus may require.

Notify your personal financial institutions such as banks and credit card companies to further protect your accounts.

Step #2: Compile Your Evidence

Gather these documents to support your case:

• Copies of your tax returns from the past two to three years.
• Driver’s license, birth certificate and passport.
• Recent utility bills.
• Marriage certificate (if applicable).
• Police report.

This information helps the IRS verify your legitimate tax return and flag fraudulent activity.

Step #3: Protect Yourself for the Future

The IRS will issue you a personal identification number (PIN) to provide an additional layer of security. Use this PIN along with your SSN when filing future tax forms. You’ll receive a new PIN every year.

Keep your electronic devices secure:

• Ignore unknown phone numbers that could harbor malware.
• Carefully review and disable unnecessary applications.
• Attach an email address to fraud alerts for updates.

Additionally, avoid carrying your Social Security card or documents containing your SSN. Protect your devices with anti-spam and anti-virus software and change passwords regularly.

Beware of phishing scams. The IRS will never call, email or text to demand immediate payment. Report such incidents to local law enforcement.

Step #4: Contact the Credit Bureaus

Place a fraud alert on your credit records by contacting one of the three major credit bureaus:

• Equifax: www.Equifax.com, 800-525-6285
• Experian: www.Experian.com, 888-397-3742
• TransUnion: www.TransUnion.com, 800-680-7289

Fraud alerts last 90 days but can be renewed. They warn potential creditors that you’re a victim of identity theft and require them to verify your identity before issuing credit. Consider placing a credit freeze for added protection.

Step #5: Check Your Credit Reports

You’re entitled to a free annual credit report from each agency. Regularly check these reports for tax-related identity theft and unauthorized activity, such as new accounts or inaccuracies. Report any errors to your bank, the credit agency, and the business reporting incorrect information.

Step #6: Change ALL Your Passwords

Identity thieves exploit data breaches to access multiple accounts. Use unique, strong passwords for tax preparation and your bank accounts. Avoid reusing passwords across different platforms. Change compromised passwords immediately.

Step #7: Be Patient

Resolving tax-related identity theft can take up to 180 days. Once the IRS flags your return as fraudulent, future returns will be manually reviewed, potentially delaying refunds. However, rest assured, the IRS will eventually pay your refund.

How Are New Technologies Impacting Identity Theft?

AI and machine learning have significantly increased the sophistication of scams. Here are some new methods:

• Text Message Scams: Scammers mimic reputable organizations like the IRS to request personal information. Never click on unsolicited links.
• Social Media Scams: Fraudsters create fake profiles to steal personal information. Be cautious about accepting requests from unknown accounts for your tax records.
• Cryptocurrency Scams: Loose regulations enable scammers to lure victims into fake investments and phishing schemes.
• Vishing (Voice Phishing): Scammers use fake calls to impersonate organizations, including the IRS, to extract sensitive details. Initiate contact yourself to verify legitimacy. Phishing emails also remain a problem
• Deep Fake Scams: AI-generated content can impersonate individuals or agencies to manipulate victims into providing information.

Final Thoughts

Tax-related identity theft remains a persistent issue. By staying vigilant, filing early and leveraging security measures, you can minimize risks to your important tax information. Protect your personal information year-round and remain informed about evolving threats. And, don’t be shy about looking for help from tax professionals.

Take action today to safeguard your identity and your tax refund.

Revised – December 11, 2024

The holiday season brings joy, generosity—and unfortunately, a spike in scams and identity theft. Increased consumer spending during this time creates a prime opportunity for fraudsters looking to exploit unsuspecting shoppers.

Identity thieves and scammers use sophisticated tactics, old and new, to target victims of all ages. But there’s good news: by taking proactive steps, you can make yourself a much harder target for these modern-day Grinches, not only during the holidays but year-round.

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) reports millions of identity theft and fraud complaints annually, and anyone can fall victim. Here’s what you can do to protect yourself, your family, and your finances.

Stay Safe While Shopping In-Person

If you enjoy the festive hustle and bustle of in-person holiday shopping, remember that crowded public areas are hotspots for ID theft. Fraud prevention should be at the top of your priorities for the holidays. Protect yourself with these strategies:

• Protect Your Bank Account by Securing Your Wallet and Purse: Use bags with zippers, keep them close to your body and limit the personal information you carry.
• Opt for a Credit Card Over a Debit Card: Credit card companies offer better fraud protection and quicker refunds if your card information is compromised.
• Invest in RFID-Blocking Technology: RFID wallets and sleeves block thieves from skimming your card data electronically.
• Exercise ATM Caution: Stick to ATMs in well-lit, secure areas, preferably those attached to banks. Cover your PIN as you type and inspect card readers for tampering.
• Monitor Your Card Usage: Never lose sight of your card when paying, and keep receipts in a secure place to track purchases. And pay close attention to your activity through your financial institution’s website. 

Protect Yourself While Shopping Online

Online shopping continues to dominate holiday spending, but look out for online scams. Cybercriminals are more active than ever, using phishing emails, fake websites and malicious software to steal personal information.

Here’s how to stay secure:

1. Verify Website Legitimacy:
   • Check for “https” and a padlock icon in the address bar.
   • Avoid clicking on unsolicited emails or pop-up ads that seem too good to be true.

1. Use Reputable Retailers: Stick to trusted sites or merchants with whom you’ve had successful transactions.
2. Strengthen Device Security:

1. Update your antivirus software and use strong, unique passwords for online banking and shopping accounts.
2. Enable two-factor authentication wherever possible.
3. Shop Smart on Mobile Devices:

1. Avoid using public Wi-Fi for shopping. Instead, rely on cellular data or a secured private network.
2. Close apps and browser tabs after use and clear your browsing history regularly.

Fortify Your Home Security

Identity theft and malware don’t just happen online and in stores—it can start at your mailbox or doorstep. Here’s how to protect yourself at home from hackers:

• Secure Your Mail: Retrieve mail daily, use a locking mailbox, or have packages delivered to secure locations like Amazon Lockers.
• Shred Sensitive Documents: Destroy bank statements, bills and other documents containing personal data before discarding them.
• Monitor Your Credit Reports: Obtain free annual reports from TransUnion, Equifax, and Experian via AnnualCreditReport.com. Consider freezing your credit if you suspect fraud.
• Use Paperless Billing: Reduce the risk of mail theft by switching to an electronic credit card statement.

Safeguard Children’s Identities

Children are increasingly becoming targets for identity theft because their credit histories are often unmonitored. The impact can go unnoticed for years, making the losses devastating.

• Monitor Their Credit: Contact credit bureaus for a manual search of files tied to your child’s name and Social Security number.
• Limit Information Sharing: Avoid providing your child’s Social Security number unnecessarily—leave fields blank or fill in zeros when possible.
• Educate and Supervise: Teach your kids to avoid sharing personal information online, particularly when gaming or using social media. Use parental controls and monitor their activity regularly.

Recognize New Threats: Emerging Holiday Scams

Identity thieves continuously adapt, introducing new scams alongside tried-and-true tactics. Here are some trends to watch out for:

• Buy-Now-Pay-Later Fraud: Suspicious activity comes in many forms. Many holiday shoppers use BNPL services like Affirm or Afterpay. Ensure you’re using legitimate platforms, as scammers often impersonate these services.
• Fake Charity Scams: Verify the legitimacy of charitable organizations through resources like Charity Navigator before donating.
• Cryptocurrency Scams: Be wary of holiday promotions offering “guaranteed returns” on crypto investments—these are often fraudulent.
• Social Media Gift Exchanges: These pyramid schemes promise free gifts in exchange for participation but often result in identity theft.

Year-Round Identity Protection Tips

While the holidays are high-risk, identity theft prevention should be a year-round practice.

• Monitor Bank Statements Daily: Spot suspicious transactions early.
• Enable Alerts: Many banks and credit cards offer real-time transaction alerts to help catch unauthorized activity.
• Use a Virtual Private Network (VPN): Protect your online activities on unsecured networks.
• Employ Digital Wallets: Payment methods like Apple Pay or Google Pay use tokenization, adding an extra layer of security.
• Consider Identity Theft Protection Services: Services like LifeLock or IdentityForce can provide monitoring and recovery assistance.

The holiday season is about spreading joy, not falling victim to scams. By staying vigilant and adopting these practices, you can protect your personal and financial information—and enjoy a worry-free holiday season and beyond.

Our friends at the city of Creve Coeur parks and recreation department published a great article in their recent newsletter to residents, titled “four signs that it’s a scam.” The article provides great advice on what to watch for and how to deal with it. Here are the key points it made:

1. Scammers pretend to be from an organization you know. Scammers often pretend to be contacting you on behalf of the government. They might use a real name, like Social Security Administration, the IRS or Medicare. Some pretend to be from a business you know, like a utility company. They use technology to change the phone number that appears on your caller ID, so the name and number you see might not be real.
2. Scammers say there’s a problem or a prize. They might say you are in trouble with the government. Or you owe money. Or someone in your family had an emergency. Some say there is a problem with one of your accounts and that you need to verify information. 
3. Scammers pressure you to act immediately. Scammers want you to act before you have time to think. If you’re on the phone, they might tell you not to hang up so you can’t check out their story. They might threaten to arrest you, sue you, take away your driver’s license, or deport you. 
4. Scammers tell you to pay in a specific way. They often insist that you pay by sending money through a money transfer company or by putting money on a gift card and then giving them the number on the back. 

What you can do to avoid a scam

The article further provides advice on how to keep you and your important information safe. 

• Block unwanted calls and text messages. This will reduce the chance you will get contacted by a scammer. 
• Don’t give your person or financial information in response to a request that you didn’t expect. Legitimate organizations won’t call, email or text to ask for your personal information. If you get an email from a company you do business with and you think it is real, contact them to double check the request.
• Resist the pressure to act immediately. Legitimate businesses will give you time to make a decision. 
• Stop and talk to someone you trust. Before you do anything else, tell someone – a friend, a family member, a neighbor – what happened. Talking about it could help you realize it’s a scam.
• Repot scams to the Federal Trade Commission at ReportFraud.ftc.gov.

Revised – April 17, 2024

What to know about medical identity theft

Medical identity theft (ID) has become one of the fastest growing forms of identity theft in the United States. 

Fueling this rise is the increased digitization of medical records and the rise of the value of these records on the black market. Medical ID theft is often underreported and reported long after the event because people don’t recognize a problem until there is an issue with a medical bill or record.

Let’s take a deeper dive into what’s going on and provide some tips and information on how to protect yourself and your personal information.

What is Medical Identity Theft?

Medical identity theft takes place when someone uses your personal information to steal medical services, goods and prescription drugs. This can range from simple doctors’ office visits, the wheelchairs and durable medical equipment, all the way up to surgeries.

Personal information can be a Social Security number, your address, a Medicare or Medicaid card, your Personally Identifiable Information from a current private health plan or any other number of related healthcare data or prescription histories.

Your medical identity information is a valuable commodity that can be used to falsify insurance claims or acquire government medical services, including Medicare and Medicaid.  Some people will steal your medical information and sell it on the black market, creating new identities for other people using your personal data.

A lost wallet or a stolen purse can lead to years of misery, even if you file a police report and cancel all your credit cards and health accounts.  Often, victims are unaware for many years that medical identity theft has occurred. It’s not uncommon that people find out when their credit report takes a significant hit, or they are turned down for new credit because they were unaware that someone else was running up medical bills in their name. 

There are some cases where medical identity theft also takes place knowingly when people share their medical coverage with uninsured friends or family members. As you can guess, this is absolutely against the law. 

Health professionals are also part of the problem. There are numerous instances of doctors and medical offices using a patient’s health information without their knowledge to submit fraudulent bills to insurance companies. It’s possible to rack up hundreds of thousands of dollars of fraudulent charges before perpetrators are caught, if ever. 

Why is medical identity theft on the rise?

As the medical industry has migrated to electronic records, access to services and records are available online, making some an easy target for sophisticated thieves. One of the most notable instances of medical identity theft took place a few years ago when thieves stole 70 million records from the health insurer Anthem.  

The unintended fallout from this is that when someone else uses your medical information, it can create serious medical record problems. According to the Medical Identity Fraud Alliance, as many as 20 percent of medical identity theft victims are given the wrong diagnosis or treatment, or that their care is delayed due to confusion about their medical records. 

Another reason it’s on the rise is that the cost of medical services is on the rise. Healthcare costs have become a major flashpoint of public debate, fueled by increased costs that consumers must pay for coverage and treatment. 

Some other types of financial identity theft are protected under the Fair Credit Billing Act. For example, if someone uses your credit card without authorization, you are liable for only $50 of unauthorized charges when you follow appropriate notification steps. 

That’s not the case with losses resulting from medical identity theft. According to one study, almost two-thirds of victims had to pay an average of more than $13,000 (including attorney’s fees) to resolve their cases. 

Is medical identity theft an increasing problem?

One estimate from an article by Allstate Insurance puts the total estimated economic impact of medical identity theft in the U.S. at more than $41 billion annually. 

Additionally, the Allstate article reported that the healthcare industry is the only industry where insiders pose the greater threat. Employees caused 56 percent of the breaches, while external actors caused 44 percent, according to Allstate. Surprisingly, the article went on to state that many of the internal breaches are healthcare staff unintentionally revealing employee or patient data. This portion of the problem accounts for more than one-third of all-healthcare-related data breaches, according to Allstate.

Another reason medical identity theft is on the rise is that trafficking in stolen medical information is lucrative. Many sources report that medical records can sell for 10 times or more than credit or debit card records, sometimes reaching $1,000 or more per record.

The problem for healthcare providers is that while they want a secure environment for medical records and personal information, it’s also critical for doctors to be able to readily access and share health-related information to provide timely diagnosis and treatment for patients. This is especially true in an emergency.

Am I in a high risk group for medical identity theft?

Medical identity theft occurs at an alarming rate each year and, no surprise, older adults and those on Medicare are primary targets. Thieves will steal medical information, their Medicare numbers and Social Security numbers. Studies have shown that older adults are more susceptible because they are less suspicious about giving up personal health information. 

Children’s records are also a big target. A minor’s credit report is generally not tracked by parents until the child gets credit in his or her name. Until then, the thieves can rack up bills and create a long list of unpaid debts that will go unnoticed, sometimes for years. 

Other susceptible groups include people with chronic conditions such as cancer or diabetes.  That’s because the more interactions a patient has with a healthcare provider, the more opportunities there are for their records to be accessed and stolen.  

Heavy users of social media can also be at risk as well. It is not uncommon for a heavy user of social media to post personal information. This can unlock the door to a knowledgeable thief.

How is new technology impacting medical identity theft?

We can hardly keep up with the new tricks thieves are playing using new technology. Here are a few:

• Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. Is there a day that goes by without some mention of AI? Well, it has hit the healthcare industry in a big way. These new technologies can sift through vast amounts of data in seconds, exposing vulnerabilities in systems and stealing millions of records with precision we have never seen before. Traditional cybersecurity defenses are struggling to keep up with the bad guys.
• Social Engineering. Phishing remains one of the most prevalent tactics employed by identity thieves. In healthcare settings, phishing emails may masquerade as legitimate communications from healthcare providers or insurance companies, enticing recipients to click on malicious links or disclose personal data. There is also pretexting, which involves the use of deceptive tactics to manipulate individuals into divulging confidential information. Pretexting may involve impersonating healthcare professionals or representatives from healthcare organizations to elicit sensitive patient data from unsuspecting victims.

The next section provides tips on how you can fight back. 

How to protect yourself from identity thieves

There are several things you can do to protect yourself against medical identity theft:

• Review All Medical Bills. Review the explanation of benefits (EOB) from your insurer to see if there are any listings for office visits you did not make or medical treatments you did not receive. Challenge any bill you get for treatment you did not receive.
• Shred Sensitive Information. This includes outdated insurance forms, physician statements, prescription paperwork and other documentation containing your medical information. It’s not enough to simply throw it away. 
• Check Free Credit Reports. Do this at least once a year, more often if you use medical providers frequently. Be on the lookout for health care expenses you don’t recognize. You can get one free report every 12 months from Experian, Equifax and TransUnion.
• Know Your Rights Under HIPAA. You have the right to an accounting of disclosures.  It is a record of disclosures of personal health information made by health care providers or insurers. The record shows what, when and why the information was disclosed, and the recipient of the information.
• Protect Your Information. Do not give out any medical care personal information over the phone from someone claiming to be with your insurance provider or Medicare. You may also be induced to give out your contact information in exchange for free introductory medical services or products. If you lose your Medical ID card or someone steals it, contact providers immediately so it can be canceled and a new one issued.
• Keep Good Records. This includes doctors’ appointments, prescriptions and medical procedures. This will make it easier for you to dispute any errors or identity theft-related issues.
• Annual Information Checkup. At least once a year ask your insurer for a full list of benefits paid in your name.
• Get Identity Theft Protection. These services can monitor your personal information, including medical data. When a red flag pops up, you’re notified so that you can minimize or stop any thefts from taking place. 
• Leverage Professional Services. Enlist the services of reputable providers like SDD  of St. Louis that offer on-site Medicare records shredding services or HIPAA compliant shredding services. 

What to do if someone is using your medical information

If you are the victim of a large breach of medical records, you will be notified by the provider that there was a breach, and they will detail what actions you can take to make sure you are not personally a victim. 

If you suspect you are a victim of medical identity theft, start by contacting your healthcare provider to see if a mistake has been made. You can also report the breach to the Federal Trade Commission at IdentityTheft.gov.

You should also file a police report where you live.  Give a copy of the police report to your medical providers, credit bureaus and insurance companies.

If you are a Medicare recipient, report questionable charges by calling 1-800-MEDICARE or contact the Senior Medicare Patrol for assistance at 1-877-808-2468.

If you suspect Medicare fraud, contact the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General Fraud Hotline at 1-800-HHS-TIPS. 

Consider submitting an identity theft report to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Doing so will help show parties evaluating your identity theft claims that your theft is real. In some cases, creditors or billing departments may require a police report before erasing fraudulent charges from your accounts.

Also, get copies of the medical files related to the theft and take steps quickly to correct mistakes and stop further use of your information.

Here are a couple more resources:

• If a health care provider has not allowed you to see your medical records, file a complaint with the Office of Civil Rights at Health and Human Services by calling 1-800-368-1019. 
• You might also contact a consumer watchdog organization like the Identity Theft Resource Center for additional information and help.

In conclusion, identity theft is all around us. Your best protection is paying attention to the details of your healthcare treatment.

In an era defined by technological advancements for both good and bad behavior, personal financial security and data privacy have become significant concerns for individuals of all ages.

However, older adults face unique challenges and vulnerabilities in safeguarding their financial well-being and sensitive personal information if they want to avoid being victims of fraud.

Under the umbrella of Elder Fraud, people in older age groups find themselves navigating a rapidly changing landscape that is unlike anything they have seen in their long lives. This article sheds light on the critical importance of personal financial security and data privacy, highlighting the risks posed by the increasing reliance on technology and the internet, and delving into the new tactics employed by criminals targeting this vulnerable demographic.

Phone scams targeting the elderly.

Phone and telemarketing scams have been around a lot longer than the internet. Two of the most common types of scams that disproportionately affect this demographic are IRS impersonation and lottery scams.

In IRS impersonation scams, fraudsters pose as representatives of the Internal Revenue Service, exploiting the fear of legal consequences to extort money from victims. Lottery scams, on the other hand, promise significant winnings but require an upfront fee or personal information, preying on the hopes and dreams of unsuspecting seniors.

Scammers have many creative ways to fool and steal from seniors.

One of the most prevalent tactics of elder financial abuse is creating a sense of urgency. Scammers convey imminent threats, such as arrest or legal action, to pressure victims into immediate compliance. This urgency leaves little time for rational thinking or fact-checking, increasing the likelihood of victimization.

Intimidation is another frequently employed tactic, where scammers resort to aggressive and intimidating language to instill fear in their targets. This psychological manipulation can cause older adults to make hasty decisions without considering the consequences, making them more susceptible to financial exploitation.

A recent article on CNBC.com highlighted a relatively new type of scam called a tech support scam. The scam was conducted over the phone by a person the victim thought was a trusted advisor from her bank. The person convinced her to wire her entire life savings into cryptocurrency.

You are not defenseless when it comes to phone scams. Read more about how to guard against phone scams in an article SDD wrote recently.

Online scams facing the elderly.

Elderly individuals face a multitude of online risks, including phishing emails, social engineering and as mentioned earlier, tech support scams.

Phishing emails are deceptive messages that appear legitimate but are designed to trick recipients into revealing personal information or clicking on malicious links. A good example of phishing are Medicare scams:

• Scammers send emails that appear to be from a Medicare or healthcare provider, often with official-looking logos and graphics. The email typically claims that the recipient’s Medicare information needs to be updated, verified, or renewed.
• It urges the recipient to click on a link to a fake website that mimics the official Medicare website. The fake website prompts the victim to enter sensitive information such as their Social Security number, Medicare ID, credit card number and banking details.
• Once the information is entered, scammers use it for identity theft, fraudulent Medicare claims or financial fraud.

Social engineering involves manipulation tactics where scammers exploit trust and emotions to obtain sensitive data. These common online risks prey on the unfamiliarity of older adults with digital technology, making them particularly susceptible to fraudulent schemes. Grandparent scams are particularly dangerous for older adults:

• Scammers typically initiate this scam with a phone call, but they may follow up with phishing emails. In the phone call, the scammer poses as the victim’s grandchild or a law enforcement officer. The scammer claims that the grandchild is in trouble, such as being arrested, involved in an accident or stranded in a foreign country.
• They use emotional manipulation to make the victim feel urgent concern for their grandchild’s safety. The victim is then asked to send money quickly to help their grandchild, usually via wire transfer or gift cards.
• Subsequent phishing emails may be sent to request additional funds or personal information.

 Tech support scams often combine email and phone to steal money or information:

• Victims may receive an email that appears to be from a well-known technology company, such as Microsoft or Apple. The email may claim that there is a security issue with the recipient’s computer or software that requires immediate attention.
• The email instructs the recipient to click on a link or call a provided phone number for tech support assistance.
• When victims follow the instructions, they are directed to a fake tech support website or call center. Scammers then gain remote access to the victim’s computer, often demanding payment for unnecessary services or selling fake antivirus software.

It’s essential for older individuals and their caregivers to be aware of these scams, verify the authenticity of communications, and never provide sensitive information or send money without confirming the legitimacy of the request. 

In-person scams remain one of the most common forms of fraud for older adults.

In an age dominated by digital threats, in-person scams, such as door-to-door schemes and fake contractors, continue to pose significant risks to the elderly population. These scams can lead to severe financial losses and emotional distress. Therefore, it is crucial for seniors and their families to be vigilant and proactive in safeguarding their interests.

Face-to-Face Scams: A Closer Look

Two of the most common types of face-to-face scams involve door-to-door scams and fake contractors.

Door-to-door scams typically involve individuals posing as salespeople or service providers, offering products or services that seem appealing. These scammers often use high-pressure tactics to convince elderly homeowners to make quick decisions.

Fake contractors, on the other hand, offer home improvement or repair services that are either subpar or entirely nonexistent. They approach seniors and promise to fix roofs, driveways or perform other home improvements at a seemingly attractive price. Once the payment is made, these individuals either disappear without completing the work or do a substandard job, leaving seniors with both a financial loss and unfinished projects.

The Importance of Verifying Service Providers

Verifying the identity and legitimacy of service providers is paramount for elderly individuals and their families. Here are some essential steps to take:

1. Ask for Identification: Always ask for identification and credentials from anyone claiming to be a salesperson, contractor or service provider. Legitimate professionals should be willing and able to provide this information.
2. Check References: When hiring contractors for home improvement projects, seek references and reviews from past customers. Reputable professionals should have a history of satisfied clients.
3. Get Multiple Quotes: Don’t rush into decisions. Obtain multiple quotes for any significant services or repairs and compare them to ensure you’re getting a fair deal.
4. Consult Trusted Sources: Consult trusted sources, such as the Better Business Bureau or local consumer protection agencies, to verify the credibility of the company or individual you’re dealing with.
5. Take Your Time: Avoid making hasty decisions. Scammers often use high-pressure tactics to push for immediate action. Take your time to evaluate the situation and gather information before committing.
6. Involve a Trusted Advisor: If you have doubts or concerns, involve a trusted friend or family member in the decision-making process. A second opinion can help prevent impulsive actions.

By taking these precautions, older adults can significantly reduce the risk of falling victim to in-person scams. Additionally, family members and caregivers should also play a proactive role in educating their loved ones about these risks. 

Low digital literacy makes older adults vulnerable to fraud and scams.

As technology continues to advance at an unprecedented pace, many seniors find themselves grappling with a lack of technological knowledge, which can make them susceptible to exploitation and scams.

Enhancing Digital Literacy Among Older Adults

There are various resources available to help older individuals improve their digital skills and become more comfortable with technology. Here are some resources to consider:

1.     Local Community Centers and Libraries:

• Many community centers and libraries offer older adults digital literacy classes and workshops to cover fundamental topics such as using computers, smartphones, email, social media and internet safety.
• Libraries may also provide access to computers and the internet, allowing older adults to practice their skills.

2.     Online Tutorials and Courses:

• Several online platforms offer free or affordable courses on digital literacy and technology use.
• Websites like Coursera, edX, and Khan Academy provide a wide range of technology-related courses.
• YouTube hosts numerous tutorial videos created by tech enthusiasts and educators.

3.     SeniorNet:

• SeniorNet is a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping older adults enhance their digital literacy.
• It offers classes, workshops and resources specifically designed for seniors.
• SeniorNet centers can be found in various locations, providing in-person and online training.

4.     AARP’s Technology Education:

• AARP (American Association of Retired Persons) offers online resources, articles and guides to help older adults navigate the digital world.
• It provides information on smartphones, tablets, online safety and social media.

5.     Local Senior Organizations and Clubs:

• Local senior organizations, clubs and senior living communities often organize tech-related events and classes.
• These organizations may provide a supportive and social environment for older adults to learn and practice digital skills.

6.     Tech-Savvy Family Members and Friends:

• Family members or friends who are tech-savvy can provide one-on-one guidance and support.
• They can help older adults set up devices, use apps and troubleshoot common issues.

7.     Manufacturer and Retailer Support:

• Companies that manufacture devices often provide customer support resources, including online guides, FAQs (frequently asked questions) and user manuals.
• Some retailers, such as Apple Stores, offer free workshops and assistance for customers using their products.

8.     Smartphone Apps:

• There are smartphone apps designed to help older people learn digital skills. For example, apps like “AARP Now” offer news, information and resources on technology topics.
• Educational apps like Duolingo and Lumosity can also help with cognitive skills and language learning.

9.     Tech-Savvy Volunteer Organizations:

• Some volunteer organizations, like “Cyber-Seniors,” connect tech-savvy young volunteers with older adults who want to improve their digital literacy.
• These volunteers can offer personalized assistance and answer questions.

10.   Online Safety Resources:

• It’s crucial to educate older Americans about elder financial exploitation. Resources like the Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) “Pass It On” campaign provide tips and information about avoiding scams and protecting personal information online.

Remember that learning digital skills is a gradual process and patience is key. Older adults should start with basic concepts and gradually build their knowledge and confidence over time. Having access to supportive resources and individuals who can provide guidance and encouragement can greatly enhance their digital literacy. 

There are many practical ways to support and educate seniors about fraud.

The risks from phone scams, online threats, in-person scams and limited digital literacy can have immediate and devastating consequences for seniors.

Here’s the bottom line: taking action is non-negotiable. Consider these actions if you have elderly family members, friends and neighbors who will welcome your help:

1. Stay Informed: Keep yourself informed about the latest scams and threats that target older adults. Knowledge is your first line of defense.
2. Open Communication: Have open, honest conversations with your older loved ones about these risks. Encourage them to share any suspicious encounters or solicitations they receive.
3. Support Digital Literacy: If you’re tech-savvy, offer to provide patient, one-on-one guidance to the older adults in your life. Help them learn essential digital skills and navigate the online world.
4. Verify and Educate: Teach older individuals to verify the legitimacy of any unsolicited phone calls, emails or doorstep solicitations. Remind them never to share sensitive information with unknown parties.
5. Community Resources: Look into local resources, such as senior centers, libraries, and workshops that offer practical assistance and education.
6. Monitor Bank Accounts: Regularly review the financial institutions’ statements and accounts of elderly family members and friends to check for irregularities or suspicious transactions.
7. Power of Attorney: Consider establishing a power of attorney or legal guardianship if cognitive decline is a concern. This provides a legal framework for managing their financial decision-making.
8. Family Involvement: Encourage family involvement in the financial affairs of elderly loved ones. Collective efforts often yield the best results.
9. Be Patient and Supportive: Understand that adapting to the digital age can be challenging for older individuals. Be patient, supportive and available to help them.
10. Stay Vigilant: Finally, stay vigilant and remain proactive. Scammers are persistent and creative, so ongoing awareness and action are essential.

In the end, practicality and vigilance are the key to safeguarding older adults.